Place Of Residence Research Articles

Cramming Analysis Based on Time to Start Studying and Time the Exam being Held

Aims: to explore the time that crammer start to study and the time of exam being held and relate this two with the result of the remedial exams which conducted electronically (computer based). Study Design: simple descriptive cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: conducted during January to February 2024 in the faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta-Indonesia. Sample: respondents who join the remedial exam during 2022. Methodology: electronic questionnaire regarding time to start studying being distributed prior the exam/test. Sufficient explanation regarding the research is given before consent is politely requested to each exam’s participant. Data obtained from questionnaire were combined with demography data (gender, place of residence) and the result of the exam. Results: Cramming conducted by 69.7% of our respondents, with the involvement of male student is more common compared to female student and regarding their place of residence, more student that live in their own house with their family do the cramming. Most of the perpetrator started studying at 20.00 – 24.00 pm. Students passing rate in this study were low. Female students score better when they did not cram while only male students who conduct cramming and still fail the exam get a slightly higher mean score than male students who fail the exam and did not cram. Female students got a slightly higher mean score than male students. Conclusion: Cramming is risk taking like gambling behavior. It can give negative impact to the perpetrator’s mental health. The phenomenon of cramming is quite common, especially among male student, but the passing rate was poor. Cramming mostly started late at night. Male students who fail the exam tend to get higher grades if they cramming while on the other hand our female student tend to get higher score in they did not cram.

Multilevel determinants of physical violence among ever-partnered women in South Africa.

Violence against women continues to be a challenge in many countries. Many women suffer physical violence at the hands of their intimate partners and sometimes this leads to their deaths. This study aimed to examine the multilevel determinants of physical violence among ever-partnered women in South Africa. We used data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. The study has a weighted sample size of 4169 ever-partnered women aged 18-49 years, based on the domestic violence module. We included univariate, bivariate and multilevel logistic regression analysis. We included a two-level model to measure the relationship between the selected background characteristics and physical violence. The prevalence of physical violence among ever-partnered women was 20.6%. The bivariate findings showed that educational status, employment status, witness to inter-parental violence, partner's drinking habits, household wealth, educational difference, and province were statistically associated with physical violence. The multilevel analysis showed some evidence of between-cluster variation in physical violence. We found that age, education, employment status, witness to inter-parental violence, partner's drinking habits, household wealth, education difference, place of residence, and province were key predictors of physical violence. The odds of physical violence were more than two-fold in the Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga compared to Gauteng. The study highlighted various key factors explaining physical violence. The findings suggest the need for targeted interventions aimed at specific communities of women, such as those from the Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga, as well as interventions that will empower women and address gender inequalities.

Architectural and Urban Changes in a Residential Environment—Implications for Design Science

Current spatial changes involving broad urban landscapes affect people’s perceptions of their surroundings, sense of place, and attachment to a place, constituting a disruption to these. As a result, on a social scale, they translate into people’s well-being. The following study of the impact of large-scale architectural and urban developments on the place of residence is based on the assumption that physical space determines the quality of life in the living place and the changes in the process condition residents to adapt to their new surroundings—based on the three pillars of place, people, and process (3Ps). The article consists of two parts. The first is theoretical, which conceptualises spatial change based on the theory of human dependence on place. The second part–an empirical study—discusses the transformation of the post-industrial area of Bicocca (Milan), which, 40 years after the intervention, has led to conclusions and recommendations for urban planning. The results demonstrate the different sensitivities of the urban areas to the process of functional–spatial change, the essence of the accessibility of public space, public facilities, and transport infrastructure. The planning process can positively influence social adaptation to spatial change mitigation. Residential areas may be subject to additional protection procedures. The study is relevant to a sustainable planning process in the inevitable transformation of urban areas. The interdisciplinary nature of the issue prompts the integration of research findings and knowledge transfer in the socio-technological subsystem (STS).

Health literacy in patients with gout: A latent profile analysis

Objectives Understanding the health literacy status of patients with gout diagnosis is essential for improving the health of this population. Our study aimed to investigate the latent profiles of health literacy in patients with gout and to analyze differences in characteristics across potential profiles. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Eligible participants attended the Shandong Gout Medical Center, from March 2023 to May 2023 and self-reported gout diagnosis. We used the Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Gout designed and validated by our team. The scale had good reliability and validity among patients with gout. 243 patients completed the Demographic Information Questionnaire and the Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Gout. We used latent profile analysis to identify the latent profiles of gout patients’ health literacy. We used Chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction to analyze differences in demographics and illness characteristics across identified profiles. Results Three profiles of patients with gout emerged (prevalence): the low literacy-low critical group (21.81%), the moderate literacy group (42.79%), and the high literacy-stable group (35.39%). The three groups differed in age, education level, monthly income, disease duration, and place of residence (P<0.01). Conclusions The health literacy of patients with gout was heterogeneous. Healthcare professionals should adopt targeted interventions based on the characteristics of each latent health literacy profile to improve the health literacy level of patients with gout.

The Role of Public Assistance in Improving Food Security During Covid-19 in Togo

This paper provides insights into the potential implication of public assistance on food insecurity in the Togolese population during the Covid-19 period. The Oaxaca–Blinder Non-Linear decomposition technique and binary logit model were applied to Data of Round 8 of Afrobarometer of Togo. The empirical results reveal that women were more food insecure in Togo during the Covid-19 period. This particular vulnerability of women was explained by the difference in economic resources, place of residence, and response measures put in place by the State. However, the public assistance received has helped to reduce the gaps observed in food insecurity. The study reveals the importance of public assistance measures, especially those based on gender, during shocks that may occur in an economy.

Trends and projections of age-appropriate vaccination coverage in 41 low- and middle- income countries in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2030

IntroductionRoutine immunization programs have focused on increasing vaccination coverage, which is equally important for decreasing vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), particularly in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). We estimated the trends and projections of age-appropriate vaccination coverage at the regional and national levels, as well as place of residence and wealth index in LMICs.MethodsIn total, 174 nationally representative household surveys from 2000 to 2020 from 41 LMICs were included in this study. Bayesian hierarchical regression models were used to estimate trends and projections of age-appropriate vaccination.ResultsThe trend in coverage of age-appropriate Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), third dose of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP3), third dose of polio (polio3), and measles-containing vaccine (MCV) increased rapidly from 2000 to 2020 in LMICs. Findings indicate substantial increases at the regional and national levels, and by area of residence and socioeconomic status between 2000 and 2030. The largest rise was observed in East Africa, followed by South and Southeast Asia. However, out of the 41 countries, only 10 countries are estimated to achieve 90% coverage of the BCG vaccine by 2030, five of DTP3, three of polio3, and none of MCV. Additionally, by 2030, wider pro-urban and -rich inequalities are expected in several African countries.ConclusionSignificant progress in age-appropriate vaccination coverage has been made in LMICs from 2000 to 2020. Despite this, projections show many countries will not meet the 2030 coverage goals, with persistent urban–rural and socioeconomic disparities. Therefore, LMICs must prioritize underperforming areas and reduce inequalities through stronger health systems and increased community engagement to ensure high coverage and equitable vaccine access.

Demographic and economic inequality of antenatal care coverage in 4 African countries with a high maternal mortality rate

BackgroundMaternal deaths are concentrated in low and middle-income countries, and Africa accounts for over 50% of the deaths. Women from socioeconomically disadvantaged households have higher morbidity and mortality rates and lower access to maternal health services. Understanding and addressing these inequalities is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and improving maternal health outcomes. This study examines the demographic and economic disparities in the utilization of antenatal care (ANC) in four countries with high maternal mortality rates in Africa, namely Nigeria, Chad, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.MethodThe study utilised data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) from Nigeria, Chad, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. The data was obtained from the Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) database. The study examined ANC service utilisation inequality in four dimensions such as economic status, education, place of residence, and subnational region across different subgroups by using four summary measures (Difference (D), Absolute Concentration Index (ACI), Population Attributable Risk (PAR), and Population Attributable Factor (PAF)).ResultA varying level of inequality in ANC coverage across multiple survey years was observed in Nigeria, Chad, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Different regions and countries exhibit varying levels of inequality. Disparities were prominent based on educational attainment and place of residence. Higher level of inequality was generally observed among individuals with higher education and those residing in urban areas. Inequality in ANC coverage was also observed by economic status, subnational region, and other factors in Nigeria, Chad, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. ANC coverage is generally higher among the richest quintile subgroup, indicating inequality. Nigeria and Chad show the highest levels of inequality in ANC coverage across multiple measures. Sierra Leone displays some variation with higher coverage among the poorest quintile subgroup.Conclusion and recommendationInequalities in ANC coverage exist across age groups and survey years in Nigeria, Chad, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Disparities are prominent based on education, residence, and economic status. Efforts should focus on improving access for vulnerable groups, enhancing education and awareness, strengthening healthcare infrastructure, and addressing economic disparities.

Thwarted Belongingness and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults: The Moderating Roles of Self-Warmth, Self-Coldness, and Place of Residence

ABSTRACT Objectives This study investigated whether the relationship between thwarted belongingness and depressive symptoms was moderated by self-warmth and self-coldness and whether the moderating effects were conditional on place of residence (urban versus rural). Methods A sample of 236 Australian adults aged 65 to 97 years (M = 73.63, SD = 6.53) completed the Geriatric Depression Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and Self-Compassion Scale. Results The interaction between thwarted belongingness and self-warmth was significant for urban but not rural older adults. For urban older adults, the relationship between thwarted belongingness and depressive symptoms weakened as levels of self-warmth increased. The association between thwarted belongingness and depressive symptoms was significantly stronger for older adults living in rural areas than in urban areas. The relationship between thwarted belongingness and depressive symptoms strengthened as self-coldness levels increased. Conclusions Self-warmth is a protective factor for older adults living in urban areas and experiencing thwarted belongingness. Self-coldness is an additional risk factor for older adults experiencing thwarted belongingness. Clinical Implications Interventions focusing on increasing self-warmth among urban older adults and decreasing self-coldness among older adults might weaken the relationship between thwarted belongingness and depressive symptoms.

Impact of residence on the association between benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct levels and CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms in breast cancer patients

Globally, breast cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death, and rising incidence rates are anticipated. Im¬proving illness prevention and treatment strategies requires a better understanding of the interactions occurring be¬tween genetic variables, environmental exposures, and disease pathogenesis. This study investigated the impact of residence on the association between benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct levels and CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms in breast cancer patients. In brief, 58 female breast cancer patients in Babylon, Iraq were recruited as subjects of this cross-sectional study. We gathered clinical information (including residency, age, age at diagnosis, and haematological markers), and by using molecular and biochemical methods, the CYP1B1 polymorphisms and the benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct levels were assessed. Among the different types of breast cancer, there was no apparent association between the residence and CYP1B1 polymorphisms. However, the amounts of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct varied according to where a patient lived, with urban residents showing higher concentrations than rural residents. Benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct levels were shown to be correlated with specific polymorphisms in the CYP1B1 gene. Our study highlights the intricate connections between environmental exposures, genetic variables, and place of res¬idency in the aetiology of breast cancer. Variations in quantities of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts imply possible func¬tions for environmental carcinogens, although no substantial correlation was found between genetic polymorphisms and the place of residence.

Risk Factors for Eating Disorders in University Students: The RUNEAT Study.

The purpose of the study is to assess the risk of developing general eating disorders (ED), anorexia nervosa (AN), and bulimia nervosa (BN), as well as to examine the effects of gender, academic year, place of residence, faculty, and diet quality on that risk. Over two academic years, 129 first- and fourth-year Uneatlántico students were included in an observational descriptive study. The self-administered tests SCOFF, EAT-26, and BITE were used to determine the participants' risk of developing ED. The degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was used to evaluate the quality of the diet. Data were collected at the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the academic year. The main results were that at T1, 34.9% of participants were at risk of developing general ED, AN 3.9%, and BN 16.3%. At T2, these percentages were 37.2%, 14.7%, and 8.5%, respectively. At T2, the frequency of general ED in the female group was 2.5 times higher (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.22-5.32, p = 0.012). The low-moderate adherence to the MD students' group was 0.92 times less frequent than general ED at T2 (OR: 0.921, 95%CI: 0.385-2.20, p < 0.001). The most significant risk factor for developing ED is being a female in the first year of university. Moreover, it appears that the likelihood of developing ED generally increases during the academic year.

HIV preventive practice and its associated factors among street dwellers in Ethiopia: Application of health belief model.

Street dwelling is the use of public space as a place of residence and nourishment for children, adolescents, and young people, revealing a complex and multifactorial situation. Moreover, homelessness facilitates HIV transmission and its progression due to the risky lifestyle of individuals. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study conducted in the study area on HIV preventive practices among street dwellers. The aim of this study was to assess HIV prevention practices and associated factors among street dwellers. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar City from March 12, 2023 to April 30, 2023. By using the simple random sampling technique, 424 street dwellers were recruited. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. The magnitude of HIV preventive practice among street dwellers was 35.9%. Being male (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.55), educational status (AOR = 7.53, 95% CI: 2.20, 25.6), practice of sex to earn money (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.44), good knowledge about HIV preventive practice (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.46, 5.49), perceived susceptibility for HIV (AOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.99), and perceived benefit of using HIV preventive practice (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.17), were factors associated with HIV preventive practice. The magnitude of HIV preventive practice was low. Being male, the ability to read and write, the practice of sex to earn money, good knowledge about HIV preventive practice, perceived susceptibility to HIV, and the perceived benefit of using HIV preventive practice were significantly associated with HIV preventive practice. Therefore, responsible organizations, both governmental and non-governmental, should design inclusive strategies to improve HIV preventive practice among street dwellers by focusing on regular demand creation activities, awareness creation about HIV preventive practice, and sustainable condom distribution in the city.

Socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in antenatal and postnatal care components in India, 2016–2021

Despite the well-known importance of high-quality care before and after delivery, not every mother and newborn in India receive appropriate antenatal and postnatal care (ANC/PNC). Using India’s National Family Health Surveys (2015–2016 and 2019–2021), we quantified the socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in the utilization of ANC/PNC among women aged 15–49 years and their newborns (N = 161,225 in 2016; N = 150,611 in 2021). For each of the eighteen ANC/PNC components, we assessed absolute and relative inequalities by household wealth (poorest vs. richest), maternal education (no education vs. higher than secondary), and type of place of residence (rural vs. urban) and evaluated state-level heterogeneity. In 2021, the national prevalence of ANC/PNC components ranged from 19.8% for 8 + ANC visits to 91.6% for maternal weight measurement. Absolute inequalities were greatest for ultrasound test (33.3%-points by wealth, 30.3%-points by education) and 8 + ANC visits (13.2%-points by residence). Relative inequalities were greatest for 8 + ANC visits (1.8 ~ 4.4 times). All inequalities declined over time. State-specific estimates were overall consistent with national results. Socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in ANC/PNC varied significantly across components and by states. To optimize maternal and newborn health in India, future interventions should aim to achieve universal coverage of all ANC/PNC components.

Abstract PO5-27-04: The epidemiological profile and lifestyle of non-village indigenous women from Amazonas, Brazil and the likely impact on breast cancer mortality

Abstract Introduction: The high and growing incidence of breast cancer is a reality in almost every continent. However, the low mortality from this neoplasm among indigenous people of Amazonas, Brazil, is an intriguing fact (table 1). Inspite having a lower life expectancy at birth, the magnitude of low mortality is even greater. Indigenous women have gradually integrated into the non-indigenous community, and the reality of low mortality from breast cancer may be at risk of not existing in the future if the justification is in their reproductive epidemiological profile and lifestyle. Objective: This work seeks to find variables that can justify the fact that indigenous women from the Amazon region die less from breast cancer when compared to non-indigenous women. To achieve this, we evaluated reproductive epidemiological factors and lifestyle in non-village indigenous women and compared them with the same data in non-indigenous women. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study consisting of a convenience sample in which all indigenous people treated at the Mastology Outpatient Clinic of the Getúlio Vargas University Hospital of the Federal University of Amazonas were invited to participate from September 2020 to March 2023. There were 126 women: 39 non-village indigenous people who have lived in Manaus for more than 5 years and are integrated into society, 47 non-village indigenous people who live in riverside and interior populations of Amazonas - or in Manaus for less than 5 years - and 40 non-indigenous individuals. A questionnaire in interview format was administered with the objective of evaluating epidemiological and reproductive aspects such as age, education, BMI, menarche, parity, age at first pregnancy, breastfeeding, use of hormonal medications as well as lifestyle factors including smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, physical activity, use of herbs, roots and seeds for therapeutic purposes and practice of religious devotional habits. Results: There was no difference in age, BMI, education, menarche and parity between the interviewed patients, nor in the assessment of the consumption of milk, sugar, fruits, vegetables and legumes, smoking habits, alcohol intake or physical activity between the groups. Indigenous women living in Manaus had a lower age at first pregnancy when compared to non-indigenous women. The variable “breastfeeding time” did not reach statistical significance but demonstrated a very close index (p 0.058) and a tendency to suggest that indigenous people, regardless of their place of residence, breastfeed for a longer duration. Non-indigenous women had a longer history of using hormonal medications when compared to indigenous women living in Manaus. Regarding meat consumption habits, indigenous women living in riverside and interior populations showed higher percentages of sporadic consumption of beef, sporadic consumption of wild animals, and daily consumption of white meat compared to non-indigenous people. On the other hand, non-indigenous women had a higher percentage of never having consumed wild animal meat when compared to the two other groups. Among indigenous women from riverside populations, there was a lower percentage of religious practices. The consumption of herbs, roots or seeds for therapeutic purposes was more commonly observed among indigenous people living in Manaus when compared to non-indigenous people. Conclusion: No epidemiological or lifestyle variables were found in both groups of indigenous people that justify the low mortality from breast cancer in these women. However, although the variable “breastfeeding time” did not reach statistical significance, it demonstrated a very close index (p 0.058) and a tendency to suggest that indigenous people, regardless of their place of residence, breastfeed for a longer duration. This could be a potential explanation for the low mortality from this disease among indigenous women. Table 1: Participation of breast cancer deaths in the total number of deaths in women over 20 years of age in the State of Amazonas Source: prepared by researchers Table 2 - Menarch, parity (childbirth and miscarage), breastfeed, Family history of breast cancer, image exam Table 3: Red and white meat consumption Citation Format: Maria Riselda Vinhote Da Silva, Lilian Cristina De Souza Guimarães, Afonso Nazário, Mariana Guimaraes De Oliveira Castro. The epidemiological profile and lifestyle of non-village indigenous women from Amazonas, Brazil and the likely impact on breast cancer mortality [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-27-04.

The association of sociodemographic factors and history of chronic diseases on menopausal symptoms: A cross-sectional study.

Menopausal symptoms are very diverse in terms of prevalence and severity, and this difference is due to various factors such as psychological factors, sociocultural status, lifestyle, geographical location, and other factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and evaluate the predictive factors related to the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms. This was a cross-sectional analytical study that was performed on 214 women aged 35-65 years old who were referred to Alzahra Educational, Research and Treatment Center in Rasht, Iran. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire, using the list of menopausal symptoms and a checklist of subjects' general characteristics. 16.8% of postmenopausal women in our study had at least one menopausal symptom. Using multiple linear regression, race (p = 0.02), history of chronic diseases (p = 0.04), place of residence (p = 0.02), and marital satisfaction (p = 0.02) were associated with menopausal symptoms. Nineteen percentof the covariates related to the logistics function were explained by the predictor variables in the model. Evaluation of menopausal symptoms showed that the severity of menopausal symptoms was related to factors such as body mass index(BMI), ethnicity, place of residence, marital satisfaction, and history of chronic diseases, and need to address BMI, psychological issues, and chronic illness.

The Status of Young Children's Nutrition Security in Rural Area of Northwest Ethiopia

The Status of Young Children's Nutrition Security in Rural Area of Northwest Ethiopia

Child immunization status according to number of siblings and birth order in 85 low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study

Identification of unvaccinated children is important for preventing deaths due to infections. Number of siblings and birth order have been postulated as risk factors for zero-dose prevalence. We analysed nationally representative cross-sectional surveys from 85 low and middle-income countries (2010-2020) with information on immunisation status of children aged 12-35 months. Zero-dose prevalence was defined as the failure to receive any doses of DPT (diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus) vaccine. We examined associations with birth order and the number of siblings, adjusting for child's sex, maternal age and education, household wealth quintiles and place of residence. Poisson regression was used to calculate zero-dose prevalence ratios. We studied 375,548 children, of whom 13.7% (n=51,450) were classified as zero-dose. Prevalence increased monotonically with birth order and with the number of siblings, with prevalence increasing from 11.0% for firstborn children to 17.1% for birth order 5 or higher, and from 10.5% for children with no siblings to 17.2% for those with four or more siblings. Adjustment for confounders attenuated but did not eliminate these associations. The number of siblings remained as a strong risk factor when adjusted for confounders and birth order, but the reverse was not observed. Among children with the same number of siblings, there was no clear pattern in zero-dose prevalence by birth order; for instance, among children with two siblings, the prevalence was 13.0%, 14.7%, and 13.3% for firstborn, second, and third-born, respectively. Similar results were observed for girls and boys. 9513 families had two children aged 12-35 months. When the younger sibling was unvaccinated, 61.9% of the older siblings were also unvaccinated. On the other hand, when the younger sibling was vaccinated, only 5.9% of the older siblings were unvaccinated. The number of siblings is a better predictor than birth order in identifying children to be targeted by immunization campaigns. Zero-dose children tend to be clustered within families. Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.

Mobility Behaviors Shift Disparity in Flood Exposure in U.S. Population Groups

The current characterization of flood exposure is largely based on residential location of populations; however, location of residence only partially captures the extent to which populations are exposed to flood hazards. An important, yet under-recognized aspect of flood exposure is associated with human mobility patterns and population visitation to places located in flood prone areas. In this study, we analyzed large-scale, high-resolution location-intelligence data collected from anonymous mobile phone users to characterize human mobility patterns and the resulting flood exposure in coastal counties of the United States. We developed the metric of mobility-based exposure based on dwell time in places located in the 100-year floodplain. The results of examining the extent of mobility-based flood exposure across demographic groups reveal significant disparities across race, income, and education level groups. The results show that Black and Asian, economically disadvantaged, and undereducated populations in US coastal cities are disproportionally exposed to flood due to their daily mobility activities, indicating a pattern contrary to that of residential flood exposure. The results suggest that mobility behaviors play an important role in extending flood exposure reach disproportionally among different socio-demographic groups. The results highlight that urban flood risk assessments should not only focus on the level of flood exposure to residences, but also should consider mobility-based exposure to better learn the disparities in flood exposure among social groups. Mobility-based flood exposure provides a new perspective regarding the extent to which floods could disrupt people’s life activities and enable a better characterization of disparity in populations’ exposure to flood hazards beyond their place of residence. The findings of this study have important implications for urban planners, flood managers, and city officials in terms of accounting for mobility-based flood exposure in flood risk management plans and actions.

Young refugees’ feelings of belonging? Encounters with rural Denmark and northern Norway

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how young refugees settled in rural Norway and Denmark experience their new places of residence. We find inspiration in the idea of ‘contradictions of space’ (Kinkaid [2020]. “Re-encountering Lefebvre: Toward a Critical Phenomenology of Social Space.” Society and Space 38 (1): 167–186.) in exploring how young refugees navigate issues in rural life from housing, education, work and social life to their material surroundings, including the weather. Which experiences result in feelings of meaning and orientation, and which spur feelings of disorientation and contradiction? The empirical material is based on fieldwork and qualitative interviews with young refugees and local volunteers in rural Norway and Denmark. Despite several differences between rural areas in the two countries, young refugees’ experiences from within show many similarities and common experiences between them. The harsh weather, empty streets, lack of familiarity with the more formal community life in rural areas, long distances from sites of education, etc. create feelings of disorientation and contradiction, while socializing with other refugees provides feelings of community and belonging. Taken together, the two aspects drive their decisions to stay in or leave the rural area.

Impact of a teaching hospital-based multidisciplinary telemedicine programme in Southwestern Colombia: a cross-sectional resource analysis

BackgroundTelemedicine, a method of healthcare service delivery bridging geographic distances between patients and providers, has gained prominence. This modality is particularly advantageous for outpatient consultations, addressing inherent barriers of travel...

Practical training of future teachers as prevention of psychological barriers in inclusive education

Introduction. Currently, international organizations pay special attention to the development of inclusive education system, which, taking into account the special educational needs of everyone, provides quality education at the place of residence and full socialization of people with disabilities. Inclusiveness has become one of the main components of the modern educational system, but at the moment there is a problem of occurrence of psychological barriers in teachers, which is poorly studied and requires detailed research. The aim of the article is to consider the problem of preventing the emergence of psychological barriers in inclusive education in students of pedagogical directions through practical professional training, including the development of their communicative and organizational abilities. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov (NEFU) among students studying in the following fields of training: "Special (defectology) education", "Pedagogical education", "Psychological and pedagogical education", in the number of 122 people, aged from 18 to 23 years. The following methods were used: analysis of sources, regulatory and educational-methodical documents of the North-Eastern Federal University on practical training of students, observation and surveys using the method of E.S. Slyusareva "Psychological barriers of teachers in the process of interaction in an inclusive educational environment" and the method "Assessment of communicative and organizational abilities" (V.V. Sinyavsky, V.A. Fedoroshin), statistical processing of the results by U-Manna-Whitney test. Results of the research. The system of practical training of higher education students for pedagogical activity in inclusive education of future teachers, including practice-oriented educational process, socially significant public activity is developed. A separate aspect of this training is the prevention of psychological barriers in inclusive education in future teachers. The application of the developed system of training contributed to the effective development of communicative and organizational abilities of students, and also demonstrated reliably significant reductions in the criteria "barrier of mental tension (anxiety, inability to initiate contact with a child with disabilities, etc.)" Uemp=178,5; p&lt;0,001, and "difficulties of choice and transfer of knowledge about the psychological characteristics of children with disabilities in the process of inclusive education", Uemp=248; p&lt;0,043, which indicates that the conducted preventive and developmental work contributed to a decrease in the expression of the presence of difficulties of choice and transfer of knowledge about the psychological characteristics of children with disabilities in the process of inclusive education. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the need to rethink the organization and content of the practical component of higher pedagogical education in the aspect of preventing the emergence of psychological barriers in inclusive education in future teachers through the development of their communicative and organizational abilities in the system of practice-oriented learning.